If you are in Japan and don't have time to go school or you are outside of Japan and want to learn a Japanese lesson wise than you are in right place. Onwards I am going to cover from book Minna no Nihongo I, Lesson 1 - 25.
Starting from this first you need to know the Japanese language is built from Hiragana, Katakana, and Khanji. Normally Japanese reading starts from right to left not like from left to right in English.
Normally Hiragana is Japanese language or in other word country language あ、い、う、え、お its sound as a, i, u, e, o these alphabets are basically used for Japanese names and Japanese own products like mountain やま(yama), house うち(uchi), city まち(machi) etc. Hiragana has 46 characters look below image to learn more about hiragana alphabets.
Fig: Hiragana
Secondly, Katagana is a Japanese alphabetic character which is mostly used in the words which they adopted from outside world like restaurant レストラン, spoon スプーン, supermarket スーパー, department store デパート and so on. It has also the same length of character like hiragana have 46 characters look below image to learn more about katakana.
Fig: Katakana
Note: In hiragana and katakana you will found " (tenten) and 。(maru) at top of alphabet character. when its keep tenten its sound ka as ga, sa as za, ta as da, ha as ba and ha has only maru so when maru is kept in ha its sound as pa.
Finally, we have kanji, kanji in Japanese language are taken from the Chinese character but it has different meaning so just be careful while using a kanji in Japanese word. Normally in the Japanese language mostly around 2200 kanji are used.
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